Battle of Pelishat–Zgalevo

The Battle of Pelishat–Zgalevo was an Ottoman counteroffensive near Pleven intended to draw Russian attention and forces away from forthcoming operations at Lovech during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.

Following Russian defeats in the second assault on Pleven and at Stara Zagora, the Ottoman command gained the initiative. The Russian advance stalled, while the Ottoman army remained well supplied and trained despite financial difficulties.

The Ottoman plan called for a breakthrough of Russian positions from the west and a junction with other armies. Osman Pasha was tasked with carrying it out.

Russian commanders learned of the preparations and expected attack from Bulgarian residents of the town and a baker who reached their lines. This warning helped them prepare.

Despite Ottoman efforts at secrecy, the assault therefore failed to surprise the Russians.

The attack, planned for 19 August, coincided with Sultan Abdul Hamid II's accession to the throne. Ottoman cavalry led, followed by infantry and artillery. The cavalry initially drove back Russian outposts, and hussars and uhlans withdrew towards Zgalevo and Pelishat, signalling the Ottoman advance.

After reinforcements arrived, Ottoman forces attacked Russian infantry and captured the fortifications in front of Pelishat. Supported by artillery, the Russians counterattacked, regained their positions and pursued the Ottomans westwards.

Fighting continued all day in unbearable heat, with repeated Ottoman attempts to advance. At about 16:00, they abandoned the offensive and withdrew towards Pleven.

Uncertainty and fear of failure prevented Lieutenant General Pavel Zotov from committing his available forces to a decisive blow. This allowed the Ottomans to disengage without major losses.

The battle represented a missed Russian opportunity to defeat the Ottoman force, which could have helped subsequent operations and eased the capture of Pleven.