Sebastokrator Kaloyan

Sebastokrator Kaloyan was a Bulgarian sebastokrator, probably governor of Sredets and its region in the mid-thirteenth century. The only direct evidence about him appears in his portrait and donor inscription in Boyana Church, dated to 1258/59.

The inscription states that Kaloyan was a grandson of Saint Stephen, king of Serbia, and that a church was erected in honour of Nicholas, the holy hierarch of Christ, and Panteleimon, the holy martyr of Christ. According to different interpretations, "the tsar's cousin" may refer to a cousin of Tsar Constantine Asen or of Michael II Asen.

Sebastokrator Kaloyan is considered a grandson of the first Serbian king, Stefan the First-Crowned, and a son of his daughter Anna Dandolo, sister of King Stefan Uroš I. He and his wife Desislava commissioned the construction and painting of Boyana Church in 1259, and the church became part of Kaloyan's residence outside the city.

Boyana Church contains portraits of Kaloyan and Desislava and is considered a pinnacle of Bulgarian painting during the Second Bulgarian Empire. A fresco in the church depicts Kaloyan presenting a church to St Nicholas of Myra, and the work is regarded as a precursor of the European Renaissance.