Battle of Kashak Bair and Karahasankoy

The Battle of Kashak Bair and Karahasankoy marked the beginning of the Ottoman offensive on the eastern front during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. It involved fierce fighting and heavy losses on both sides.

In the first phase, Hasan Pasha's Ottoman troops attacked and captured Russian positions on the Kashak Bair heights. A Russian counterattack regained the heights, but repeated counterattacks and heavy enemy pressure eventually forced the Russians to withdraw to the western bank of the Cherni Lom.

The second phase took place near Karahasankoy, where Russian troops under Major General Stepan Leonov faced a large-scale attack by Hasan Pasha's forces. After 12 hours of fierce fighting, the Russians withdrew west of the Cherni Lom. The outcome was inconclusive, with heavy casualties on both sides.

Despite these Ottoman successes, the Russian army maintained its overall positions and prevented a breakthrough on the eastern front. Ottoman tactical victories were insufficient to turn the situation in their favour against determined and well-organised Russian resistance.